Spectrum Management for the 21st Century
The Space Modernization NPRM streamlines licensing—and pushes us into a more congested orbital environment. Market-based spectrum management rules are the next logical step.
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Price-first interconnection for large loads
New data centers are pushing our power grid to its limits. At Forward Market Design, we believe that our grid will be best-served by a price-first interconnection process that unifies large loads and generation.
Balancing Quantity, Price, and Structure in the Upper C-Band
The FCC’s Upper C-Band NPRM appears straightforward—unlocking 100 to 180 MHz. Yet the consequences of that range diverge sharply: incremental for terrestrial networks, but structural for satellite incumbents. That gap is what drives pricing, incentives, and strategic choices going forward.
Price-first interconnection
When we think about meeting our growing demand for energy, the interconnection process is as important as the plants themselves. At Forward Market Design, we believe that system operators can improve interconnection by adopting a price-first approach.
Responsive Benefits of Entry
Granular forward trade incentivizes a more responsive grid
The U.S. electricity grid faces unprecedented load growth. Earlier this year, Texas grid operator ERCOT forecast new data centers would add 77 GW of load to the grid between 2025 and 2030, driving a 121% increase in total load. Even the